Größe und Auslastung von Verzeichnissen und Laufwerken unter Linux anzeigen

Unter Linux kann mit den Tools df und du die Größe von Laufwerken und Verzeichnissen angzeigt werden.

Laufwerke

Die Größe und Auslastung von gemounteten Laufwerken können mit df angezeigt werden.

df -h

Filesystem                Size      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/ramdisk             32.9M     16.8M     16.1M  51% /
tmpfs                    64.0M    460.0k     63.6M   1% /tmp
/dev/sda4               371.0M    334.5M     36.5M  90% /mnt/ext
/dev/md9                509.5M    145.3M    364.2M  29% /mnt/HDA_ROOT
/dev/md0                  5.4T      3.5T      1.9T  65% /share/MD0_DATA
tmpfs                    32.0M         0     32.0M   0% /.eaccelerator.tmp

Die Option -h gibt die Größen in lesbare Form an, formatiert nach Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terrabyte ... Alle Optionen:

dh --help

Usage: df [-hmkc] [FILESYSTEM ...]

Print the filesystem space used and space available.

Options:
       -c      correct formatting error

       -h      print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 243M 2G )
       -m      print sizes in megabytes
       -k      print sizes in kilobytes(default)

Verzeichnisse

Für einzelne Verzeichnisse kann das Tool duverwendet werden.

du -sh Backup

351M    Backup

Die Option -s liefert nur die Gesamtsumme. Ohne die Option würden rekursiv alle Unterverzeichnisse des Verzeichnisses aufgelistet. Um nur die Größe aller direkten Unterverzeichnisse (ohne Rekursion bis in die Tiefe) eines Verzeichnisses aufzulisten, kann die maximale Tiefe mit --max-depth=N der Suche mit angegeben werden:

du -h --max-depth=1 /share/MD0_DATA/

448K    /share/MD0_DATA/.system
32K     /share/MD0_DATA/homes
8.0K    /share/MD0_DATA/Recordings
251M    /share/MD0_DATA/.qpkg
8.0K    /share/MD0_DATA/Public
8.0K    /share/MD0_DATA/Download
68G     /share/MD0_DATA/DBBackup
...
3.5T    /share/MD0_DATA/

Alle Optionen:

du --help

Usage: du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  or:  du [OPTION]... --files0-from=F
Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -a, --all             write counts for all files, not just directories
      --apparent-size   print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although
                   the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be
                   larger due to holes in (`sparse') files, internal
                   fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like
  -B, --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks
  -b, --bytes           equivalent to `--apparent-size --block-size=1'
  -c, --total           produce a grand total
  -D, --dereference-args  dereference FILEs that are symbolic links
      --files0-from=F   summarize disk usage of the NUL-terminated file
                   names specified in file F
  -H                    like --si, but also evokes a warning; will soon
                   change to be equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)
  -h, --human-readable  print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
      --si              like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
  -k                    like --block-size=1K
  -l, --count-links     count sizes many times if hard linked
  -m                    like --block-size=1M
  -L, --dereference     dereference all symbolic links
  -P, --no-dereference  don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
  -0, --null            end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline
  -S, --separate-dirs   do not include size of subdirectories
  -s, --summarize       display only a total for each argument
  -x, --one-file-system  skip directories on different file systems
  -X FILE, --exclude-from=FILE  Exclude files that match any pattern in FILE.
  --exclude=PATTERN Exclude files that match PATTERN.
  --max-depth=N     print the total for a directory (or file, with --all)
                only if it is N or fewer levels below the command
                line argument;  --max-depth=0 is the same as
                --summarize
  --time            show time of the last modification of any file in the
                directory, or any of its subdirectories
  --time=WORD       show time as WORD instead of modification time:
                atime, access, use, ctime or status
  --time-style=STYLE show times using style STYLE:
                full-iso, long-iso, iso, +FORMAT
                FORMAT is interpreted like `date'
  --help     display this help and exit
  --version  output version information and exit

SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:
kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.